18 Oct Which scenario best exemplifies the principles of classical conditioning?

Which scenario best exemplifies the principles of classical conditioning?

 

Question options:

 

 a)           Andrew is a toddler and is in the middle of toilet training. When Andrew uses the toilet, his mom gives him a sticker as a reward. Andrew really likes stickers and begins using the toilet on a regular basis so that he can get more of them.

 

b)            Suzanne is a young professional and is a smoker. During her breaks, she goes outside to smoke with several of her coworkers. After several weeks of doing so, Suzanne finds that the smell of their secondhand smoke makes her feel ill and, as a result, has no desire to smoke anymore.

 

c)            Tyrone is a teenager and has been saving his money to buy a car. His school class at school is planning a three-day trip to Florida, and Tyrone would really like to go. However, his dad told him that in order to go he would have to pay his own way. Tyrone decides to forego the trip so he does not deplete his car fund.

 

d)            Gretchen is child and is friends with the neighbor girl. Gretchen has a beautiful dollhouse that the neighbor enjoys playing with. Gretchen knows the neighbor’s family cannot afford to buy such a dollhouse, so she lets the neighbor play with the dollhouse whenever she wants.

 

Question 2          Which statement would an adherent of Orlando’s nursing process theory most likely make?

 

Question options:

 

 a)           “Patients and nurses develop relationships that have a clear, time-sensitive endpoint.”

 

b)            “Patient’s individual needs should always come before those of the health care organization.”

 

c)            “Patient wholeness exists on a continuum of being ill and being well that must be accepted and adapted to.”

 

d)            “Patients and their families should be taught how to cope with illness and understand its meaning.”

 

Question 3          Which health behavior theory examines not only an individual’s view of their actions, but whether or not the individual believes family members and friends would approve or disapprove of their behavior?

 

Question options:

 

 a)           The theory of planned behavior

 

b)            The transtheoretical approach

 

c)            The social ecological model

 

d)            Social cognitive theory

 

Question 4          According to the health behavior model, which statement exemplifies a cue to action?

 

Question options:

 

 a)           The personal realization that having unprotected sex puts an individual at increased risk for contracting a sexually transmitted disease.

 

b)            A public service announcement encouraging sexually active adults to be tested for sexually transmitted diseases.

 

c)            Acknowledgement that the cost of using sexual protection is outweighed by the benefits of protecting personal sexual health.

 

d)            Concern for the health and safety of sexual partners who may be exposed to any sexually transmitted diseases an individual may be carrying.

 

Question 5          According to Travelbee’s human-to-human relationship model, what is the basic goal of nursing?

 

Question options:

 

 a)           Caring

 

b)            Quality of life

 

c)            Defining nurse-patient relationships

 

d)            Sympathy 

 

Question 6          Which idea is common to both cognitive learning theory and social constructivism?

 

Question options:

 

 a)           Individual approaches to learning are reflective of past experience.

 

b)            Social contexts mold a shared reality for a group of learners.

 

c)            Education is a social experience impacted by interaction with others.

 

d)            Learning is controlled by the ways people make sense of their social world.

 

Question 7          Which is not a strategy typically employed by social cognitive theorists to increase patient self-efficacy?

 

Question options:

 

 a)           Formalized behavior contracting

 

b)            Small, incremental goal setting

 

c)            Behavior reinforcement and monitoring

 

d)            Mentoring

 

Question 8          Which action would most likely occur during the preorientation phase of Peplau’s theory?

 

Question options:

 

 a)           The nurse and the patient become acquainted with one another and begin building rapport.

 

b)            The nurse identifies the various resources available to the patient and teaches him or her how to use them.

 

c)            The nurse and patient develop a plan of care and engage in formal contracting regarding that plan.

 

d)            The nurse would confront his or her own thoughts, feelings, and preconceptions about the patient and the disorder.

 

Question 9Which concept is an important component of cognitive learning theory?

 

Question options:

 

a)            Learning is a passive activity.

 

b)            Thinking develops in stages over the lifespan.

 

c)            Repetition and practice strengthen learning.

 

d)            People are motivated to learn by external rewards.

 

Question 10Which choice is not one of the three most dominant theories or models of health behavior in use today?

 

Question options:

 

a)            The transtheoretical model

 

b)            The representational approach

 

c)            Social cognitive theory

 

d)            The health belief model