18 Oct Which of these is a reason that the poles are colder than the Equator?

Which of these is a reason that the poles are colder than the Equator?

 

greenhouse effect is more significant near the Equator

 

increased beam spreading at higher latitudes due to Earth being spherical

 

there are more volcanoes near the Equator which release heat

 

Question 21

 

At which position in the planet’s orbit would it be winter in the SOUTHERN hemisphere?

 

(Image not to scale!!!!)

 

seasons.png

 

A

 

B

 

C

 

D

 

Question 31

 

At what latitudes do we get consistent clouds and rainy conditions according to the 3-cell model of atmospheric circulation?

 

0 and 30

 

30 and 60

 

0 and 60

 

30 and 90

 

Question 41

 

The winds either side of the Equator (between 30 N and 30S) are called easterly winds. Look at the 3-cell model to work out which way easterly winds blow.

 

from the east to the west

 

from the west to the east

 

Question 51

 

Air moves from:

 

low pressure to low pressure areas

 

low pressure to high pressure areas

 

high pressure to low pressure areas

 

high pressure to high pressure areas

 

Question 61

 

Wind in the northern hemisphere is blowing from the North Pole towards the Equator. Due to the Coriolis effect, which direction will the wind actually blow?

 

wind directions.png

 

A

 

B

 

C

 

Question 71

 

How does the temperature of a gas or liquid affect density and therefore whether it rises or sinks?

 

Molecules which have a higher temperature move faster and so occupy more space. Warmer air or water is therefore less dense and will rise.

 

Molecules which have a higher temperature move slower and so occupy less space. Warmer air or water is therefore less dense and will sink.

 

Molecules which have a higher temperature move faster and so occupy more space. Warmer air or water is therefore more dense and will sink.

 

Question 81

 

What is the term we use to describe the layer in the ocean where density changes rapidly with depth?

 

thermocline

 

halocline

 

pycnocline

 

Question 91

 

Why is surface water near the Equator not likely to sink down into the deep ocean?

 

(Tip – use the profiles from Lecture 9 to help you.)

 

Because there is no density difference between the surface and deep ocean.

 

Because the surface water is much less dense than the deeper water and will not sink.

 

Because the surface water is much more dense than deeper water and will not sink.

 

Question 101

 

Which of the statements about “reverse osmosis” is FALSE?

 

For reverse osmosis to occur we have to apply pressure to the seawater so requires a lot of energy.

 

After reverse osmosis we will end up with greater amount of freshwater on one side of the membrane and a smaller quantity of much saltier water on the other side.

 

Reverse osmosis is where water molecules move from less salty water to more salty water through a membrane.