18 Oct According to Goodstein (2000), which characteristic of scientific enquiry emphasizes that a study should be looked at by scientists who have the expertise to carefully evaluate the study before it is published in a top-quality scientific journal?

Which of the following is true of applied research?

 

It is considered more valuable than basic research.

 

It is often guided by the findings of basic research.

 

It is designed to answer fundamental questions about the nature of behavior.

 

It is of value only if the results are published.

 

 Question 2________ is a cognitive bias that occurs when a person focuses on two events that stand out and occur together.

 

Skepticism

 

Falsifiability

 

Illusory correlation

 

Temporal precedence

 

Question 3Dr. Roussel, a scientist, conducts research to determine whether an after-school program improves school performance in fifth-grade children. Dr. Roussel is most likely engaged in

 

basic research.

 

theoretical research.

 

performance appraisal.

 

program evaluation.

 

Question 4In the context of the goals of behavioral research, the statement “People eat more when they are alone than when they are with friends” exemplifies ________ behavior.

 

describing

 

predicting

 

explaining

 

understanding

 

Question 5Scientific ________ insists that ideas be evaluated on the basis of careful logic and results from scientific investigations.

 

fanaticism

 

didacticism

 

radicalism

 

skepticism

 

Question 6The statement “The different eating habits of obese and nonobese persons are caused by physiological factors” is an example of ________ behavior.

 

predicting

 

describing

 

explaining

 

evaluating

 

 Question 7According to Goodstein (2000), which characteristic of scientific enquiry states that for scientists, knowledge comes from observations; and that scientists enthusiastically search for observations that will verify or reject their ideas about the world?

 

Data play a central role.

 

Scientists are not alone.

 

Science is adversarial.

 

Scientific evidence is peer-reviewed.

 

Question 8Identify a role of reviewers involved in peer review.

 

recommending whether a study should be published or not

 

providing an objective set of rules for reporting information

 

providing an objective set of rules for gathering and evaluating information

 

making scientific evidence obtainable

 

 Question 9 According to Goodstein (2000), which characteristic of scientific enquiry emphasizes that a study should be looked at by scientists who have the expertise to carefully evaluate the study before it is published in a top-quality scientific journal?

 

Scientific evidence is peer-reviewed.

 

Science is adversarial.

 

Data play a central role.

 

Scientists are not alone.

 

 Question 10Which of the following journal article titles is an example of a basic research study?

 

“The effect of self-awareness on a cognitive reasoning task”

 

“Buying behavior: The influence of item shelf placement in retail grocery stores”

 

“Increasing knowledge of dangers at home: A tristate area phone survey”

 

“A peer tutoring program as a method to increase cultural sensitivity”