04 Aug Anthropology differs from related disciplines like Sociology and Economics in all of the following ways except which one

QUESTION 1

1. Anthropology differs from related disciplines like Sociology and Economics in all of the following ways except which one?

   	A.	Anthropologists do massive studies that involve thousands of participants.
   	B.	Early on anthropologists tended to research in non-industrialized societies and other disciplines focused on the West.
   	C.	Anthropology is more holistic in its attempt to get the entire picture of people’s lives.
   	D.	Anthropology has a wider scope and broader time span than other disciplines.

2 points 

QUESTION 2

1. What did Laura Bohannan discover when she tried to tell Hamlet in West Africa?

   	A.	Her research participants agreed with every part of the play.
   	B.	Hamlet had already been told to the community where she was doing her research.
   	C.	There is not a universal understanding of Shakespeare.
   	D.	Bohannan and her participants had the same interpretation of the play.

2 points 

QUESTION 3

1. Which of the following do physical (or biological) anthropologists not study?

   	A.	Forensics
   	B.	Artifacts
   	C.	DNA
   	D.	Human evolution

2 points 

QUESTION 4

1. Annette Weiner studied an exchange among women in the Trobriand Islands, sagali (mortuary ritual). What was exchanged?

   	A.	Yams
   	B.	Agricultural tools
   	C.	Peanuts
   	D.	Banana leaf bundles

2 points 

QUESTION 5

1. Lewis Henry Morgan and E.B. Tylor created this type of evolutionary scheme that was in part used to justify colonialism.

   	A.	Animism
   	B.	Multilineal
   	C.	Unilineal
   	D.	Cultural

2 points 

QUESTION 6

1. What did Nancy Scheper-Hughes conclude about the emotional and psychological bonds between mothers and children after her research in the Brazilian shantytown?

   	A.	Mothers in the shantytown only mourned deaths of their adult children.
   	B.	Mothers did not mourn the deaths of their children but anticipated them.
   	C.	Both mothers and fathers mourned the deaths of their children.
   	D.	Mothers in Brazil mourned for longer than mothers in the United States.

2 points 

QUESTION 7

1. What did Carol Stack find in her study among African American women living in the “Flats” in the Midwest United States?

   	A.	There are differences in how family is defined based on class (and other factors).
   	B.	Middle class and poorer women defined family in the same way.
   	C.	Extended family played a small role in these women’s lives, but played a large role in the middle class.
   	D.	Middle class families identified parallel and cross cousins.

2 points 

QUESTION 8

1. What is the product of research (i.e., book) in Cultural Anthropology? It sometimes also refers to the research process.

   	A.	Ethnocentrism
   	B.	Cultural relativism
   	C.	Ethnography
   	D.	Multisited research

2 points 

QUESTION 9

1. Herbert Spencer stated that social and racial inequalities are due to “the survival of the fittest.” What is his theory called?

   	A.	Anthropology
   	B.	Historical Particularism
   	C.	Social Darwinism
   	D.	Matrilineal

2 points 

QUESTION 10

1. Clifford Geertz proposed Interpretive Anthropology, which sees culture as a system of meanings, and the only way to understand these meanings is through fieldwork. He wrote of the twitch and the wink. How do these two movements illustrate his points about culture, meaning, and fieldwork?

   	A.	Culture is not filled with any symbols and so fieldwork doesn’t really need to take place.
   	B.	They are the same movement of the eyelid, but their meanings differ depending on the context in which they occur.
   	C.	They are completely different movements by the eyelid so cannot be compared.
   	D.	People’s behaviors are only biologically determined, so we should not try to understand the meaning behind them.

2 points 

QUESTION 11

1. Prior to Charles Darwin and the geologist Charles Lyell, how old did writers like John Lightfoot and the Bishop of Ussher (both located in Europe and looked through the Bible to make their predictions) believe the Earth was?

   	A.	Millions of years old
   	B.	One year old
   	C.	A few thousands of years old
   	D.	Six months old

2 points 

QUESTION 12

1. In a woman-woman marriage among the Nuer, a female husband (usually beyond childbearing age) exchanges what with another woman’s family in order to marry her? This exchange is symbolic in that it will allow the woman to be the pater (socially recognized father) of any children born.

   	A.	Wheat
   	B.	Money
   	C.	Cattle
   	D.	Jewelry

2 points 

QUESTION 13

1. Which of the following is not true about Franz Boas’ theory of multilineal evolution?

   	A.	We cannot judge one culture’s evolution using the standards of another.
   	B.	All cultures will evolve along the same path.
   	C.	Boas’ scheme of evolution looks like a bicycle wheel with different paths and a common origin.
   	D.	If one practice appears in two different cultures, we cannot assume that it developed for the same reasons.

2 points 

QUESTION 14

1. Which of the following is not one of the four fields of anthropology?

   	A.	Ecology
   	B.	Cultural Anthropology
   	C.	Archaeology
   	D.	Linguistic Anthropology

2 points 

QUESTION 15

1. Which of the following is not a component of participant observation?

   	A.	Learn the language
   	B.	Live in the culture you are studying
   	C.	Participate in everyday life
   	D.	Study culture from a distance

2 points 

QUESTION 16

1. Why was Joanne Passaro criticized for her ethnographic research on homelessness in New York City, being told “You Can’t Take the Subway to the Field”?

   	A.	New York City was too “strange” and exotic for ethnographic research
   	B.	The topic had been studied previously by other anthropologists
   	C.	The area of the city she was working in actually did not have many homeless individuals
   	D.	New York City was said to be too close to home for anthropological research

2 points 

QUESTION 17

1. What does the term “armchair anthropologist” mean?

   	A.	They did not conduct ethnographic fieldwork.
   	B.	They were only interested in studying the elites.
   	C.	They only studied the societies and cultures in which they lived.
   	D.	They used their colleagues as research participants.

2 points 

QUESTION 18

1. Where did Napolean Chagnon conduct his ethnographic research (partly on kinship and lineages) during his career?

   	A.	Italy
   	B.	The Amazon
   	C.	Sub-Saharan Africa
   	D.	Pacific Northwest of the United States

2 points 

QUESTION 19

1. This is the belief that your own culture is superior to others.

   	A.	Relativism
   	B.	Primatology
   	C.	Heterogenity
   	D.	Ethnocentrism

2 points 

QUESTION 20

1. This is the study of contemporary “people’s everyday lives and their communities” and their very recent past.

   	A.	Archaeology
   	B.	Cultural Anthropology
   	C.	Linguistic Anthropology
   	D.	Physical Anthropology

2 points 

QUESTION 21

1. The Trobrianders will marry outside of their family or community. This is known as being what?

   	A.	Endogomous
   	B.	Ethnocentric
   	C.	Patrilocal
   	D.	Exogamous

2 points 

QUESTION 22

1. This is the practice that Bronislaw Malinowski observed in the Trobriand Islands that is the ceremonial exchange of armbands and necklaces among male chiefs and the elite.

   	A.	Patrimonial
   	B.	Kula
   	C.	Kapoi
   	D.	Machismo

2 points 

QUESTION 23

1. This describes anthropologists who study “the colonizers rather than the colonized [and] the culture of power rather than the culture of the powerless.”

   	A.	Studying Up
   	B.	Studying Across
   	C.	Reflexivity
   	D.	Bilateral

2 points 

QUESTION 24

1. The gestational surrogate will be biologically related to the child.

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 25

1. The Trobrianders are patrilineal.

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 26

1. Franz Boas conducted a craniology study in 1896 and found that head sizes of immigrant children eventually caught up to Anglo-American children.

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 27

1. In a leviratic marriage among the Nuer, a married man dies, but he is the socially recognized father of children his wife has with the pro-husband (usually a kinsmen).

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 28

1. Anthropologists from or based in the United States today never conduct their fieldwork in the United States, they always “go away” to another country.

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 29

1. In the ghost marriage among the Nuer, a man who was never married dies.

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 30

1. The American Anthropological Association removed the Prime Directive from its Ethics Code in 2012 to make it focus on how anthropologists are to “do no harm.”

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 31

1. Nicole Constable found that the Chinese women and Filipinas with whom she spoke often stressed the importance of what in their long-distance relationships with men in the United States, which is counter to how these relationships are usually described?
   

   	a.	Love
   	b.	Money
   	c.	Sociology
   	d.	Nutrition

2 points 

QUESTION 32

1. Kinship and parenthood are both biological and social at the same time.

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 33

1. In the Trobriand Islands, both men and women nurture children, just in different ways.

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 34

1. Seth Holmes conducted fieldwork among Triqui workers in Washington state who had migrated from to work on a berry farm. Which of the following is not true about his fieldwork among them?

   	a.	He observed mostly from the manager’s station and didn’t participate in the picking on the farm.
   	b.	He picked berries along side the Triqui migrant workers.
   	c.	He traveled with back to Oaxaca in Mexico.
   	d.	He knew he was fortunate to be able to take pain relievers to dull the pain stemming from the difficult work picking berries.

2 points 

QUESTION 35

1. Patty Kelly found during her research in Mexico that when she became closer to one group of participants, other groups of her participants started to distance themselves from her due to stigma and stereotypes. Where did Kelly conduct most of her fieldwork? (What was the main topic of her research?)

   	a.	A Catholic Church
   	b.	An Emergency Department at a hospital
   	c.	A High School
   	d.	A Brothel

2 points 

QUESTION 36

1. Lucy (Australopithecus afarensis) was found in Ethiopia and is said to have lived 3.2 million years ago. Why were her skeletal remains said to be such an important find for biological anthropology and for understanding human evolution?
   

   	a.	She walked on all fours and had a chimp-like brain.
   	b.	She was bipedal but had a chimp-like brain.
   	c.	She died when she was only a child.
   	d.	Her diet consisted of vegetables, fruits, and plants, and she never consumed meat.

2 points 

QUESTION 37

1. Who are ego’s parallel cousins on his mother’s side?

   	A.	Tara and José
   	B.	Bob and Sue
   	C.	Donna and Bev
   	D.	Jack and Sarah

2 points 

QUESTION 38

1. Who in this chart is deceased?

   	A.	Denise
   	B.	Mary
   	C.	Cindy
   	D.	Tara

2 points 

QUESTION 39

1. Who are ego’s cross cousins on his father’s side?

   	A.	Bill and Layla
   	B.	Jack and Sarah
   	C.	Donna
   	D.	Tara and José

2 points 

QUESTION 40

1. In the Iroquois system, who would ego call the same term as Bev?

   	A.	Sue
   	B.	Denise
   	C.	Mary
   	D.	Donna

2 points 

QUESTION 41

1. In the Hawaiian system, who would ego not call the same term as Cindy?

   	A.	Donna
   	B.	Sue
   	C.	Sarah
   	D.	Mary

2 points 

QUESTION 42

1. In the Eskimo system, who would not be part of ego’s nuclear family?

   	A.	Donna
   	B.	Joe
   	C.	Jake
   	D.	Bev

2 points 

QUESTION 43

1. If this chart was patrilineal, who would not be part of ego’s family (i.e., who would not be part of the patrilineage)?

   	A.	Jake
   	B.	Joe
   	C.	José
   	D.	Donna

2 points 

QUESTION 44

1. How many generations are included in this kinship chart?

   	A.	1
   	B.	2
   	C.	3
   	D.	4

2 points 

QUESTION 45

1. Sue is adopted.

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 46

1. Mary and Tim are divorced.

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 47

1. No one in the chart is cohabitating.

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 48

1. In the Eskimo system ego would call Sarah “cousin.”

    TRUE FALSE

2 points 

QUESTION 49

1. Shell middens can be found along coasts and give insight into past societies’ diets, social life, and architecture. What is a midden?

   	a.	A trash heap left behind by a previous society
   	b.	An old stove
   	c.	A market for local goods to be sold
   	d.	The main “street” or pathway of an ancient society

2 points 

QUESTION 50

 

1. This chart is patrilineal. (Refer to the second chart on the PDF

    TRUE FALSE