15 Dec IT332-2M2: Analyze the computer as a system.

Protocols are the means used to communicate between computers. IT system protocols of interest to you include network protocols such as TCP/IP, I/O protocols such as Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)-Express, and application protocols such as HTTP.

Standards make it possible for different system components to work together. Most modern standards are global. There are standards that are defined by interested groups and de facto standards that arise from common usage. The first step in IT system analysis and design is about finding an appropriate architecture for a business situation. The task can be difficult and challenging. It is easy to see why system architects need a deep understanding of the computer system and network components.

Assessment Instructions

Part 1:

You are a systems architect and are asked by your manager to write a 2-page essay (executive summary) explaining to the company CTO (chief technology officer) the different types of computer system architectures available to choose from and to make a recommendation what your company should adopt.

You are not bound by a network size, network requirement, applications, or hardware; feel free to architect for any imaginary company you wish, just be sure to cover the following concepts:

Peer-to-peer architecture

Client/server architecture

Web-based computing

The network and protocols supporting the various architectures

Your essay should present a brief explanation of the three types of computer system architectures: peer-to-peer, client/server, and Web-based. The essay should highlight the differences and use case for each. Additionally, it should propose one architecture, explain it in more detail, and outline the supporting infrastructure that makes it work end-to-end which may include communication protocols, routers, switches, LAN, and WAN.

Pat 2: Protocols

Respond to the following questions:

1. Why is the ISO/OSI protocol stack called a reference model? Do you think this will always be the case?

2. How is a network layer protocol different from a transport layer protocol?

3. What is a protocol? What is a standard? Must all protocols be standards? Explain. Are all standards protocols? Explain.

4. Internet protocol standards are devised through the efforts of thousands of people all over the world regardless of their having any background in data communications. On the other hand, proprietary protocols are created by a much smaller group of people, all of whom are directly or indirectly working for the same employer.

a. What advantages and disadvantages do you think are offered by each approach? Which would produce a better product? Which would produce a product more quickly?

b. Locate a current reference that lists the important protocols that are members of the TCP/IP protocol suite. Explain how each protocol contributes to the operation and use of the Internet.

5. Virtualization is a concept that has taken on major importance in the early 21st Century. Explain what is meant by virtualization.

Assessment Requirements:

Parts 1 and 2:

Respond in a 3–4-page Word document, in addition to title and reference pages, using the current APA format and citation style. Submit the document to the Dropbox.

Your paper must have 1-inch margins on all sides and be double spaced using Times New Roman 12-point font.

Your paper must be written in Standard English using full sentences.

Use paragraphs to separate ideas. Each topic should have its own paragraph

(i.e., in Part 1: peer-to-peer, client server, etc. In Part 2: ISO/OSI protocols,

network layer, etc.).

You may not use any quotations. All information must be paraphrased or summarized in your own words. APA citations and references are required.

Books must include the full title, author, year of publication, and page number.

You may use the same source for more than one topic, but each topic must identify the source(s) used